Pokhran 1: Which made India the sixth nuclear power

 

Pokharan 1

Today India is a nuclear power country. Do you know how India became a nuclear power country? Today in this blog we are going to know how India became a nuclear power country. Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha was the father of the beginning of nuclear research in India. However, India was a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty at that time. Under this treaty, a total of five countries were allowed to develop nuclear technology. These were America, Soviet Russia, China, England and France. Nehru did not accept this. He believed that India should develop nuclear power for peaceful purposes. He also believed that as a nation, India can use it in other works and for this it does not need the kindness of any country.

The point was clear. Bhabha and other scientists gathered. Trombay Institute of Atomic Energy and Department of Atomic Energy were established. Two countries came to help - Canada and America. The US had supported India on the condition of not using its nuclear capabilities further. Canada gave the nuclear reactor named Ceres to India, for which heavy water (deuterium oxide) was received from America.

After 1967, the work towards making the atomic bomb started intensifying. Some scientists were sent to Soviet Russia where they understood Russian nuclear capabilities and reactors. Inspired from there, Indian scientists developed a reactor called Poornima which would use plutonium (the radioactive material used to make atomic bombs). On May 18, 1972, that is, about two years before the nuclear test, this reactor became critical. In common language, it means that the process of fission of the atom has started to produce energy in it.

International situation

Things were not good. The country was defeated in the war with China. In October 1964, Dr Bhabha, while speaking on nuclear disarmament on All India Radio, said that unless there is a definite work on this worldwide, India will have to develop its nuclear capabilities and there is only one way to avoid any possible nuclear attack, that the country also has this capability. Lal Bahadur Shastri said in his reply that if this happens, the country will deviate from the ideology of Gandhi. Most of the Congress members stood with him. The offer fell through.

Conditions of the country

Then Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister. The atmosphere in the country had changed. Scientists started pushing Indira Gandhi to conduct nuclear tests. In 1974, 37 nuclear explosions were carried out by different countries. Out of these, 19 were done by Soviet Russia and 9 by America. France, China and England were also included in this list.

Work started on Pokhran. The program was kept so secret that no one was aware of it except Army Chief Gopal Gurunath Bevoor and Lieutenant General of Western Command. On the other hand, it was also necessary to avoid the sight of American satellites flying in the sky. Army units were responsible for this work. Soldiers would play night and day at the test site, or do war exercises and under its guise the place was prepared for testing.

India conducted the first nuclear explosion on 18 May 1974. With the Pokhran test, India now unofficially joined the group where only five countries were ruled till now. Obviously, they had to have a problem. It was discussed all over the world. The nuclear test was condemned. America imposed economic sanctions on India. Canada and the United States cut radioactive fuel and heavy water supplies to nuclear reactors. Here, the noise of nuclear blasts in the country became so loud that the MPs gathered in the central building of Parliament to congratulate the government. It is a different matter that JP was not made of raw clay. He took his war to the end and he died only by doing 'Parivartan'.

America and other countries said that India has done a nuclear explosion. India said that Buddha is smiling. The world asked, how? The answer was that this is an experiment done for peaceful purposes and that Shanti and Buddha are synonyms of each other, hence. The world refused to accept it.

प्राचीनतम विश्वविद्यालय - नालंदा

 

नालंदा विश्वविद्यालय

प्राचीन वैदिक प्रक्रिया को अपनाकर प्राचीन समय में बहुत ही शिक्षाप्रद संस्थाओं की स्थापना हुई जैसे कि तक्षशिला नालंदा और विक्रमशिला जिन्हें भारत की प्राचीनतम यूनिवर्सिटी में गिना जाता है। बिहार के पटना से करीब 90 किलोमीटर और बोधगया से करीब 62 किलोमीटर दूर दक्षिण में 114 हेक्टेयर में फैले नालंदा विश्वविद्यालय के अवशेष फैले हुए हैं। पुरातात्विक और साहित्यिक सबूतों के अनुसार नालंदा विश्वविद्यालय की स्थापना 450 ईसापूर्व के आसपास की गई थी, जिसकी स्थापना गुप्त वंश के शासक कुमारगुप्त ने की थी। आइऐ नालंदा विश्वविद्यालय का इतिहास  जानते हैं।

 ऐसा कहा जाता है कि इसके लिए हर्षवर्धन ने दान भी दिया था। हर्षवर्धन के बाद पाल शासकों की ओर से इसे संरक्षण प्राप्त हुआ था। इस विश्वविद्यालय का अस्तित्व 12वीं शताब्दी तक बना हुआ था। इतिहास का अध्ययन करने पर पता चलता है कि इस विश्वविद्यालय में करीब 580 साल तक पड़ाई हुई थी और धर्म दर्शन चिकित्सा भी होती थी। ऐसी मान्यता है कि महात्मा बुद्ध ने कई बार इस विश्वविद्यालय का दौरा किया था। यहाँ दुनिया भर से करीब 10000 से भी ज्यादा छात्र एक साथ शिक्षा प्राप्त करते थे जिन्हें पढाने की जिम्मेदारी करीब 2000 शिक्षकों पर थी| खुदाई से मिली जानकारी के अनुसार विश्वविद्यालय में सम्राट अशोक ने सबसे ज्यादा मठों विहार तथा मंदिरों का निर्माण करवाया था।

  इतिहासकार और नालंदा विश्वविद्यालय के अवशेषों की खोज और खुदाई से मिली जानकारी के अनुसार महाविद्यालय के सभी  इमारतों का निर्माण लाल पत्थरों से किया गया था। इस परिसर को दक्षिण से उत्तर की ओर बनाया गया है मठों और विहार पूर्व में बने हुए थे जबकि मंदिर पश्चिम दिशा में बना हुआ थे। अभी भी इस परिसर में 2 मंजिला इमारत है। यह इमारत परिसर के मुख्य गेट के पास बनी हुई है। पुरातत्व विभाग की इसको लेकर संभावना है कि इस विश्वविद्यालय में पढ़ाने वाले शिक्षक इसी स्थान पर छात्रों को संबोधित करते होंगे। इस परिसर में एक छोटा सा प्राथना सभागार है जो अभी भी सुरक्षित अवस्था में है और इसका सभागार में भगवान बुद्ध की प्रतिमा स्थापित है।

  आप सभी जानते हैं कि एक समय में भारत सोने की चिड़िया कहलाता था और यही वजह थी कि यहां कई मुस्लिम आक्रमणकारियों का आना-जाना लगा रहता था और उन्हीं में से एक खास तुर्की का शासक मोहम्मद बख्तियार खिलजी  था| उस वक्त भारत पर खिलजी का ही राज था एक दिन खिलजी बीमार पडा जिसके बाद उसके हकीमों ने उसका खूब इलाज किया, लेकिन वह स्वस्थ नहीं हो सका फिर किसी ने उसको नालंदा यूनिवर्सिटी की आयुर्वेद विभाग के प्रधान से इलाज कराने की सलाह दी पर उसने पहले वो सलाह ठुकरा दी जिसे उसने पहले ठुकरा दिया। दरअसल खिलजी मानता था कि कोई हिंदुस्तानी डॉक्टर उसके हकीमों से ज्यादा बेहतर नहीं हो सकता। आखिरकार अपने सलाहकारों की राय पर खिलजी ईलाज करने को तो तयार हो गया लेकिन उसने एक शर्त रखी कि वह भारतीयों कि दवाई का इस्तेमाल नहीं करेगा। साथ ही अगर वह स्वस्थ नहीं होता है तो वह डॉक्टर को मौत की सजा देगा यह बात सुनकर इलाज करने वाला डॉक्टर रहुल श्रीभद्रा इसके बावजूद उसके ईलाज करने के लिए राजी हो गया और उनके उपचार से खिलजी पुरी तरहा स्वस्थ हो गया लेकिन बाद में उसने द्वेष की भावना से उसने पूरे यूनिवर्सिटी को बर्बाद कर दिया जिसके लिए हिंदुस्तान उसे कभी माफ नहीं करेगा।

  बख्तियार खिलजी धर्मांध और मूर्ख था। उसने ताकत के मद में बंगाल पर अधिकार के बाद तिब्बत और चीन पर अधिकार की कोशिश की किंतु इस प्रयास में उसकी सेना नष्ट हो गई और उसे अधमरी हालत में देवकोट लाया गया था। देवकोट में ही उसके सहायक अलीमर्दान ने ही खिलजी की हत्या कर दी थी। बख्तियारपुर, जहां खिलजी को दफन किया गया था, वह जगह अब पीर बाबा का मजार बन गया है। दुर्भाग्य तो यह भी है कि इस मजार का तो संरक्षण किया जा रहा है, लेकिन नालंदा विश्‍वविद्यालय का नहीं।

   कहते हैं कि यहां आने पर आप चाहें तो केवल 100 रुपए में सम्राट अशोक के वंशजों द्वारा स्थापित विश्वविद्यालय की ईंटें उखाड़कर अपने साथ ले जा सकते हैं। अगर आपके पास और अधिक पैसे हों तो आप खंडहर में इधर-उधर बिखरे अन्य अवशेषों जैसे कोई प्रतिमा भी अपने घर तोहफे के रूप में ले जा सकते हैं। 

 

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भारत में राज्य का गठन

 

India 

भारत में कुल 37 राज्य और केंद्र शासित प्रदेश शामिल हैं। 31 अक्टूबर, 2019 को, जम्मू और कश्मीर राज्य का अस्तित्व समाप्त हो गया और दो नए केंद्र शासित प्रदेश - जम्मू और कश्मीर के केंद्र शासित प्रदेश और लद्दाख के केंद्र शासित प्रदेश अस्तित्व में आए, जिससे यह कुल 28 राज्य और 9 केंद्र शासित प्रदेश बन गए।1947 में भारत का राजनीतिक नक्शा वर्तमान की तुलना में काफी अलग था। ब्रिटिश शासन के दौरान, भारत में प्रांत शामिल थे, जो सीधे ब्रिटिश सरकार के शासन के अधीन थे और रियासतें जो स्थानीय राजाओं द्वारा नियंत्रित थीं। हालाँकि, ये स्थानीय राजा अंग्रेजों के अधीन थे।

1947 में भारत की स्वतंत्रता के बाद, नवगठित सरकार के लिए सभी रियासतों को भारतीय संघ में एकीकृत करना एक कठिन कार्य था। 1947 और 1950 के बीच, सभी रियासतों को भारतीय संघ के भीतर एकीकृत किया गया था। पूर्व की कई रियासतों को या तो नए राज्य बना दिए गए थे या देश के मौजूदा प्रांतों के साथ जोड़ दिया गया था।1 अक्टूबर, 1953 को आंध्र राज्य बनाया गया था। राज्य में मद्रास राज्य के तेलुगु भाषी जिले शामिल थे। 1 नवंबर, 1954 को केंद्र शासित प्रदेश पुडुचेरी की स्थापना हुई। नव निर्मित केंद्र शासित प्रदेश में यानम, कराईकल, माहे और पांडिचेरी शामिल थे।

1956 में, राज्य पुनर्गठन अधिनियम के एक भाग के रूप में, भारत में राज्यों को भाषाई आधार पर व्यवस्थित किया गया था। इसके परिणामस्वरूप नए राज्यों का निर्माण हुआ। आंध्र प्रदेश को हैदराबाद राज्य के तेलुगु भाषी क्षेत्र के साथ आंध्र राज्य को मिलाकर बनाया गया था। त्रावणकोर राज्य को केरल राज्य बनाने के लिए मद्रास राज्य के मालाबार जिले में मिला दिया गया था। पटियाला और ईस्ट पंजाब स्टेट्स यूनियन को पंजाब में मिला दिया गया। मध्य प्रदेश विंध्य प्रदेश, भोपाल राज्य और मध्य भारत प्रांत के विलय के साथ बनाया गया था।

मैसूर राज्य का विस्तार पश्चिमी हैदराबाद राज्य के रूप में किया गया और कूर्ग राज्य को इसमें जोड़ा गया। 1973 में, मैसूर राज्य का नाम बदलकर कर्नाटक कर दिया गया। हैदराबाद के मराठवाड़ा क्षेत्र, सौराष्ट्र और कच्छ और मध्य प्रदेश के नागपुर डिवीजन को मिलाकर बॉम्बे राज्य का भी विस्तार किया गया। राजस्थान में नए क्षेत्र जोड़े गए। ये मध्य प्रदेश, बॉम्बे राज्य और अजमेर राज्य के हिस्से थे। मालाबार जिले को केरल में मिलाने के बाद मद्रास राज्य में परिवर्तन देखा गया। लक्कादिव, मिनिकॉय और अमिनदीवी द्वीपों को एक नया केंद्र शासित प्रदेश बनाया गया। 1973 में इनका नाम बदलकर लक्षद्वीप कर दिया गया।

1956 के राज्य पुनर्गठन अधिनियम के बाद  अधिक राज्यों का निर्माण किया गया। 1 मई 1960 को  बॉम्बे राज्य को दो राज्यों महाराष्ट्र और गुजरात में विभाजित किया गया था। 11 अगस्त, 1961 को दादरा और नगर हवेली को भारत संघ में मिला दिया गया और एक केंद्र शासित प्रदेश के रूप में स्थापित किया गया। 1 दिसंबर 1963 को नागालैंड बनाया गया था। 1966 में पंजाब पुनर्गठन अधिनियम लागू किया गया था। इसके साथ ही 1 नवंबर, 1966 को हरियाणा को राज्य से अलग कर दिया गया, जबकि उत्तरी जिलों को हिमाचल प्रदेश के साथ जोड़ा गया। चंडीगढ़ को एक केंद्र शासित प्रदेश के रूप में स्थापित किया गया था और इसे पंजाब और हरियाणा दोनों द्वारा साझा किया गया था।

1968 में मद्रास का नाम बदलकर तमिलनाडु कर दिया गया। 21 जनवरी 1972 को पूर्वोत्तर में तीन राज्यों मेघालय, मणिपुर और त्रिपुरा का गठन किया गया था। सिक्किम, जो एक स्वतंत्र राष्ट्र था, को 16 मई, 1975 को 22वें राज्य के रूप में भारतीय संघ में मिला दिया गया था। 20 फरवरी 1987 को मिजोरम और अरुणाचल प्रदेश राज्य बने। गोवा जो पहले केंद्र शासित प्रदेश था 30 मई को एक राज्य बन गया, जबकि दमन और दीव एक अलग केंद्र शासित प्रदेश बन गए।

नवंबर 2000 में, तीन राज्य छत्तीसगढ़, उत्तरांचल और झारखंड बनाए गए थे। मध्य प्रदेश से छत्तीसगढ़, बिहार से झारखंड और उत्तर प्रदेश से उत्तरांचल बनाया गया था। 2007 में उत्तरांचल का नाम बदलकर उत्तराखंड कर दिया गया। इसी तरह, तेलंगाना को 2 जून 2014 को आंध्र प्रदेश से अलग कर बनाया गया था। इसमें दस जिले शामिल हैं जो अविभाजित आंध्र प्रदेश के उत्तर-पश्चिमी क्षेत्र का हिस्सा थे।

इस तरह से आज भारत मे 28 राज्य और 9 केंद्र शासित प्रदेश हैं|

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महान सम्राट विक्रमादित्य (Vikramaditya)

 

महान सम्राट विक्रमादित्य

आज हम जिस व्यक्तित्व का आप से परिचय करवा रहे हैं उन्हें इतिहास एवं भारतवर्ष महान सम्राट विक्रमादित्य के नाम से जानता है। भारत में चक्रवर्ती सम्राट उसे कहा जाता है जिसका की संपूर्ण भारत में राज रहा हो। ऋषभदेव के पुत्र राजा भरत पहले चक्रवर्ती सम्राट थे। विक्रम सिंह, विक्रम बेताल और सिंहासन बत्तीसी की कहानियां महान सम्राट विक्रमादित्य से ही जुड़ी हुई है। कलिकाल के 3000 वर्ष बीत जाने पर 101  ईसा पूर्व सम्राट विक्रमादित्य का जन्म हुआ। उन्होंने 100 वर्ष तक राज्य किया। विक्रमादित्य भारत के प्राचीन नगरी उज्जयिनी के राज सिंहासन पर बैठे | विक्रमादित्य अपने ज्ञान वीरता और उदार शीलता के लिए प्रसिद्ध थे। जिन के दरबार में नवरत्न रहते थे। कहा जाता है कि विक्रमादित्य पड़े पराक्रमी थे और उन्होंने शकों को परासत किया था। सम्राट विक्रमादित्य अपने राज्य की जनता के कष्ट और उनके हालचाल जानने के लिए वेश बदलकर नगर में भ्रमण करते थे। राजा विक्रमादित्य अपने राज्य में न्याय व्यवस्था कायम रखने के लिए हर संभव प्रयास करते थे। कहा जाता है कि मालवा में विक्रमादित्य के भाई भरतरी का शासन था। भरतरी के शासनकाल में शक्खों का आक्रमण बढ़ गया था। भरतरी ने वैराग्य धारण कर जब राज्य त्याग दिया तो विक्रम ने शासन संभाला और उन्होंने ईसा पूर्व 57 58 में सबसे पहले शकों को अपने शासन क्षेत्र से बाहर खदेड़ दिया। उन्होंने ही विक्रम संवत की शुरुआत की। अपने राज्य का विस्तार का आरंभ किया। विक्रमादित्य ने भारत की भूमि को विदेशी शासकों से मुक्त कराने के लिए एक बेहतर अभियान चलाया। कहते कि उन्होंने अपनी सेना को फिर से गठित किया। उनकी सेना विश्व की सबसे शक्तिशाली सेना बताई गई है जिसने भारत की सभी दिशाओं में एक अभियान चलाकर भारत को विदेशियों और अत्याचारी राजाओं से मुक्ति  दिलाई| राजा विक्रम का भारत की संस्कृत प्राकृत अर्धमगधी, हिंदी, गुजराती, मराठी, बंगला आदि भाषाओं के ग्रंथों में विवरण मिलता है। उनकी वीरता उदारता, दया, क्षमा आदि गुणों की अनेक गाथाएं भारतीय साहित्य में भरी पड़ी है। नवरत्न को रखने की परंपरा महान सम्राट विक्रमादित्य ने शुरू की थी। जिसे तुर्क बादशाह अकबर ने भी अपनाया था| सम्राट विक्रमादित्य के नवरत्नों के नाम धनवंतरी सपना, अमर सिंह, शंकु बेताल भट्ट खटखरपर, कालिदास, वराह मिहिर और पुरुष कह जाते हैं। इन नवरत्नों में उच्च कोटि के विद्वान श्रेष्ठ कवि गणित के प्रकांड विद्वान और विज्ञान के विशेषज्ञ आदि सम्मिलित थे। हमारे देश कई विद्वान वैसे हुए हैं जो विक्रम संवत को उज्जैन के राजा विक्रमादित्य द्वारा ही परिवर्तित मानते हैं। इस समय के परिवर्तन की पुष्टि ज्योतिर्विद्या भरण ग्रंथि में होती है जो कि 734 ईसा पूर्व में लिखा गया था। इसके अनुसार विक्रमादित्य ने 3044 कल याद 57 ईसा पूर्व विक्रम संवत लाया।

विक्रमादित्य के बारे में प्राचीन साहित्य में भी वर्णन मिलता है। संपूर्ण धरती के लोग उनके नाम से परिचित हैं इतिहासकारों के अनुसार उज्जैन के सम्राट विक्रमादित्य का राज्य भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप के अलावा ईरान, इराक और अरब में भी था| पुराणों और अन्य ऐतिहासिक ग्रंथ के अनुसार यह पता चलता है कि अरब और मिस्र भी विक्रमादित्य के अधीन थे। तुर्की के इस्तांबुल की प्रसिद्ध सुल्तानिया में एक ऐतिहासिक ग्रंथ है। उसमें राजा विक्रमादित्य से संबंधित एक शिलालेख है जिसमें कहा गया कि वे लोग भाग्यशाली हैं जिसने राजा विक्रमा के राज्य में अपना जीवन व्यतीत किया। इसके अलावा भारत में और भी सम्राट हुए हैं जिनके नाम के आगे विक्रमादित्य लगाया गया है जैसे कि शुद्रक, चंद्रगुप्त द्वितीय, शिलादित्य, यशोवर्धन आदि दरअसल आदित्य शब्द देवताओं से प्रयुक्त है। बाद में विक्रमादित्य की प्रसिद्धि के बाद राजा विक्रमादित्य की उपाधि दी जाने लगी।

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Ayodhya: Ram Janmabhoomi

 

Ayodhya is a very ancient and religious city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.  It is situated on the banks of the holy river Saryu.  It is believed that this city was settled by Rishi Manu and named it Ayodhya.   Ayodhya means where there has never been a war.  Apart from this, it was also known as Kaushal Desh in ancient times.  According to mythological beliefs, Ayodhya used to be ruled by Suryavanshi and Raghuvanshi, in which Lord Rama later incarnated.  The Chinese traveler Hensang also came here in the seventh century.  According to him there were 20 Buddhist temples and 3000 monks used to live here. Ayodhya is considered very sacred place for Hindus. Ayodhya is also considered very sacred in Buddhism.  Ayodhya was also known as Saket. Ayodhya is described in the Vedas as the city of God and its prosperity has been compared to heaven and the Atharva Veda mentions Ayodhya as a yogic symbol.  The entire Ayodhya named Veda by Ashta Chakravalam was situated on the banks of river Saryu for 12 yojans about 144 km long and 3 yojans about 136 km in width.  Originally this city was the capital of Suryavanshi kings for many centuries. Ayodhya is basically a Hindu temple town.  Relics related to Hinduism can still be seen here. Maharaja VIkrmaditya constructed the Ram Mandir here. In 1526, Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi and established the Mughal Empire and in 1528 built the Babri Masjid by demolishing the Ram temple in Ayodhya. But still the worship of Hindus continued.

In 1855-1857, the Mughal Empire was almost finished and the Nawab of Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah, who was a Shia Muslim, also believed in Hanuman ji and Shri Ram ji.  Because of this there is a dispute between Shia and Sunni.  Those Sunni people were also Nawaz in Hanumangarhi. Those who were Sunni people wanted to study Nawaz in Hanumangarhi also.  They believed that this too is the area of ​​the mosque itself.  The controversy had escalated at this time.  Wajid Ali Shah seeks help from the British who had knocked in India and the British rule had begun.  There was also a conflict between Hindus and Muslims over that dispute.  Many people were killed in this dispute.to solve this dispute British put a wall between Babri Masjid and Hanumangarhi and ordered that Hindus will live one side and Muslims will live on other  side of the wall.  By that time the British rule was fully implemented.  Their laws had started working. Hindus filed a complaint that where Babri Masjid is construted there was a temple. Babur had demolished it and built a mosque. There was a demand from the British to build a temple here. But they refused it.

Then when india became free in 1947 the idol of Ramlalla established in Ayodhya in 1949.  After that Gopal Dev Vishal filed a case in 1950 regarding Ram temple and in 1959 Nirmohi Akhara also joined it and in 1980 Sunni Waqf Board also joined it.  And the trial starts in the court.  After that a tremendous movement starts in 1989.  Then on 30 October 1990, there was a shooting incident in Ayodhya, in which 5 kar sevaks are killed. After that the movement intensified.  Two days later, on November 2, 1990, there is a gunfight again, in which 18 people are killed.  After that, the controversy continued to grow.  Then after that the day of 6th December 1992 comes.  At this time Kalyan Singh was the CM of UP and Narasimha Rao was the Prime Minister of India.  On the same day a furious mob moves towards the Babri Masjid and completely destroys Babri.  After that comes the 2010 Allahabad Court's decision in which three parts were made first in favor of Ram Lalla and second in favor of Nirmohi Akhara and the third part which came in favor of Babri Masjid.  There were 3 people, Justice Sudhir Agarwal, Justice DV Sharma and Justice SU Khan.  Justice Sudhir Agrawal and Justice DV Sharma believed that the mosque was built here after demolishing the temple and Justice SU Khan also held that the mosque was built on top of the temple, but the temple was demolished or was already broken.  There is no proof of this.  Then the case is filed in the Supreme Court.  After filing the case in the Supreme Court, its decision comes on 9 November 2019.  A bench of 5 judges ruled in favor of Ram temple that where there is dispute, Ram temple will be built and 5 acres of land is given for the construction of mosque for Muslims.

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Unsolved Mysteries of India

 India is said to be a country of stories, but from time to time, there have been many such mysterious incidents, which humans have to believe after seeing them. So in this article today, we are bringing to you many such unsolved secrets of India, after knowing that you will surely be forced to think.

Kuldhara Village

15 kilometers from Jaisalmer, there is a mysterious place known as Kuldhara Village, Kuldhara Village was built in 1291 i.e. around thirteenth century. It is said about this village that it was mainly the residence of the Paliwal Brahmins, but on the night of about the 19th century in 1825, all the people suddenly vacated the village.

No one has solved this mystery of the sudden disappearance of the people of Kuldhara village and since then till now this village has remained empty. It has also been heard that even if anyone tries to grab the land of this village, he dies mysteriously and the Rajasthan government has banned any kind of construction here.

Now the sudden disappearance of the people of Kuldhara village after spending almost seven centuries in this village remains an unsolved mystery for us even today.

Roopkund Lake of Uttarakhand

Roopkund is a mysterious lake located in Uttarakhand which is also known as Skeleton Lake. This lake was discovered in the winter season in 1942 and at that time the lake was completely frozen skelton. In the summer, when the snow melted, more skeletons were found in and around this lake, people talk about this mysterious lake in various ways. While some people call it the skeleton of the Japanese soldiers killed in the explosion, others call it the skeleton of humans killed due to sudden death and torrential rains.

However, what is the truth of this Roopkund lake? Nobody knows this till date and it remains an unsolved mystery for us even today.

Musical pillars of Hampi

There is a huge temple of Vitthalji, an incarnation of Lord Vishnu in Hampi. This 56-pillared temple is a vivid and beautiful vase of art facts of ancient times. A magical thing apart from its beauty makes the temple extremely special. The pillars produce musical tones when struck with a thumb. When the British came to know about this in they cut the two pillars to know this secret, they found nothing but only hollow pillars. Even today, these two severed pillars can be seen.

Treasures of Jaigarh Fort

Jaigarh Fort was built by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh of Jaipur. It is said that there is a treasure of billions and trillions of rupees hidden in it. The then government also tried to find it during the Emergency. But nothing was felt on his hand

Rock painting found in Chhattisgarh

10 thousand years old rock paintings have been found in Charama of Chhattisgarh. These include pictures of UFOs and aliens. Why do they have pictures of aliens and did aliens really come to earth? This is also a mystery.

Apart from these, the mystery of the death of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and former President Lal Bahadur Shastri ji has not been solved till date. If you also know about any other historical mystery, then comment and share with us.

 

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An Inspiring character: Karan

 

Karana

Karna is considered one of the most prominent characters in the Mahabharata. Karan is named among the best archers of the Mahabharata.

When Kunti was unmarried, Durvasa Rishi once visited her father's palace.  Kunti served the sage very well for a full year. Kunti is believed to have received a boon by the sage Durvasa, who could get a son by doing penance to any deity. Kunti did the penance of the God Sun, which pleased the Sun. God appeared to Kunti and gave the son as a boon. The child was born with armor and coil. Who was later known as Karan. But Kunti was unmarried at that time. Due to public shame, Kunti put that child in a box and sank it into the Ganges.

That box found the charioteer Adhirath and his wife Radha on the banks of the Ganges. They adopted Karna and started adhering to him. For this reason Karan is also known as Sut Putra and Radhe. From childhood, Karna was more interested in war than in chariot like her father.

Karna and his father met Acharya Drona, who was one of the best teachers at that time. At the time Dronacharya used to teach Kuru princes only. He refused to teach Karna because Karna was a charioteer and Drona only taught Kshatriyas.

After Dronacharya refused Karna, he approached Parasurama, who taught only Brahmins. When Karna came to know about this, Karna described himself as a Brahmin and requested Parashurama to teach him. Parashurama accepted Karna's request and declared Karna master in war and archery. Thus Karna became a very hard working and skilled disciple of Parashurama.

When Karna's education is about to end, then one day his guru Lord Parshuram is resting in the afternoon with his head placed on Karna's thigh.  After some time there comes a scorpion, which bites on Karna's thigh.  Karna used to bear the sting by not removing the scorpion so that the rest of the Guru is not disturbed.  After some time when Guru Parashurama wakes up from sleep, he sees that Karna's thigh is bleeding.  Seeing this, Lord Parshuram angrily says, "Such tolerance can only have in a Kshatriya.  You have gained knowledge by lying to me, so I curse you that whenever you need most of your learning, it will not work at that time. "

From the beginning, Karan had a rivalry with Arjuna, which led to Karan's friendship with Duryodhana. While learning armaments, Karan killed a Brahmin's cow with an arrow Due to which that Brahmin got angry and cursed Karna that whom you want to kill, it will be your end at the hands of him only.

 Karan had vowed to kill the five Pandavas.  But at the behest of Mata Kunti, he limited his vow to kill Arjuna. Many examples of Karna's charity are also heard. Hearing his fame of charity, Indra went to him to ask for armor and coil. Karan knew the secret of Indra's, despit of it he donated the armor and coil to Indra, in return, Indra gave Karna his unfailing session.

Next day when Karna went to war everyone saw that he did not have his armor and his coil. After some time, fighting with Arjuna, a wheel of Karna's chariot suddenly hit the ground. Karna started fixing the wheels of the chariot while chasing the earth. But Arjuna was constantly attacking Karna with his arrow. Karna also forgot his learned education due to the curse given by Guru Parasurama. Taking advantage of this, Arjuna severed Karna's head from the celestial weapon. After Karna's body fell to the ground, a flame emerged from Karna's body and was absorbed into the sun.

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Akhand Bharat

 

Akhand Bharat

Akhand Bharat means undivided India. Many people talk about it, but what is Akhand Bharat? Let us know about Akhand Bharat.

History of Akhand Bharat

 At present, all the neighboring countries of India, whether it is Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Afghanistan, Indonesia and Burma all were part of India. It is believed that in last 2500 years there were 24 invasions on India, which broke India into many pieces. Most of us know only the partition of Pakistan and Bangladesh. But according to reports there have been many attacks in the last 2500 years. And every time some part of India was separated. Previously Indian Ocean, Himalayas and present day Iran, Indonesia all were parts of the Akhand Bharat.

According to facts, the total area of Akhand Bharat was 83 lakh sq km by the time of the 1857 war of Independence. This in today’s time is only 33 lakh sq km. This struggle (revolt of 1857) was followed by 7 divisions during the British period i.e. the rest of the division had already taken place. In 25 hundred years, the French, Dutch, Kushan, Shaka, Hun, Yavan, Greek and English invasions parted this territory from their invasion.

Partition of Afghanistan

The first partition that took place after the British came to India was Afghanistan. Russia and the British government had partitioned Afghanistan together. The treaty of the British and Russia was called the Gandamak Treaty (1879). It was set aside for political gains.

Partition of Nepal

After this, in the year 1904, Nepal was also separated by the British government by entering into an agreement with the hill kings, although Nepal also remained under the British until 1947.

Partition of Tibet

Today, Tibet coming to China was previously a part of India, but in the year 1914, Tibet was declared a buffer state by the British government after which China took it under its control.

Formation of Bhutan

The British gave Bhutan the status of a separate country from India in 1906, before declaring Tibet as a buffer state.

Partition of Myanmar and Sri Lanka

Myanmar (Burma) and Sri Lanka are believed to follow Vedic and Buddhist religious traditions. Both these countries were integral parts of India. From 1886 to 1926, the British took control of the entire universe. The British recognized Myanmar as a separate political country in 1937. Sri Lanka was declared a separate country in 1955.

 

After this, Pakistan broke away after India became independent in 1947 and then Bangladesh in 1971.

 

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, Vishwa Hindu Parishad, Shiv Sena etc.working for Akhand Bharat. Today what we call Bharat is Hindustan. Many unions and people of India still dream of Akhand Bharat, but it is also true that at present, all countries have their own political system, due to which now it seems a little difficult for anyone to be merged again in India.

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What is happening in Lakshadweep?

Lakshadweep

Lakshadweep, the group of 36 islands is known for its exotic and sun-kissed beaches and lush green landscape. The name Lakshadweep in Malayalam and Sanskrit means ‘a hundred thousand islands’. India’s smallest Union Territory Lakshadweep is an archipelago consisting of 36 islands with an area of 32 sq km. It is an Union Territory and is comprised of 12 atolls, three reefs, five submerged banks and ten inhabited islands. The islands comprise of 32 sq km. The capital is Kavaratti and it is also the principal town of the UT. All Islands are 220 to 440 km away from the coastal city of Kochi in Kerala, in the emerald Arabian Sea. The natural landscapes, the sandy beaches, abundance of flora and fauna and the absence of a rushed lifestyle enhance the mystique of Lakshadweep.

                 In the last few days in Lakshadweep, there is opposition to the new law, the proposal to change the rules of Panchayat elections. But Lakshadweep Administrator Praful Patel has said that everything is happening according to the rules and the voices of protest are rising only from Kerala. He says that only those people in Lakshadweep are protesting, who have a vested interest. 

                 Lakshadweep is a union territory, there is no assembly here. The command of the state is in the hands of the administrator appointed by the President. Patel is accused by the people of Lakshadweep of "trying to harm the culture, living, eating methods and the needless fear". They say that many of the recent proposed rules are "against democratic dignity”. The government has issued a draft notification of the new rules. The common people here, the Panchayat and the MP, say that these notifications have been brought in by keeping the rules on hold and without the advice of the elected representatives. These are all drafts, which if approved by the Ministry of Home Affairs, will be implemented as per the law.

               On one side, there is a demand for sending back to the Administrator of Lakshadweep by running a social media campaign called #SaveLakshadweep. On the other hand, some MPs from Kerala have also written a letter to President Ramnath Kovind. This letter states that all the orders issued by Patel "aim to destroy the traditional life and cultural diversity of the people of Lakshadweep".

Now understand what these orders are and why there is so much dissatisfaction against Praful Patel.

Change in rules and regulations related to Corona 

The SOP that were created to deal with Corona in Lakshadweep was that people coming from Kochi would inevitably have to live in Quarantine. But the administration Praful Patel changed it in a 'unilateral' way and rules were made that anyone who had an RT-PCR negative test report 48 hours before travel would be allowed to come to the island.

  Due to this Corona spread across the island. Last year, when the corona virus was spreading all over the country, at that time no cases of corona virus were found in Lakshadweep. But after the first case came on 18 January 2021, the atmosphere changed. According to the data released on May 26, more than 6 thousand cases have been reported in Lakshadweep

Lakshadweep Development Authority Regulation, 2021

The people here are most annoyed by the proposal of 'Lakshadweep Development Authority Regulation, 2021' of all these new rules and laws. The draft notification states that the government "has powers to acquire, hold, manage and manage movable or immovable property".

Gunda Act

Despite having the lowest crime rate in the country, Praful Patel introduced a reform 'Prevention of Anti-Social Activities Act (PASA)' for Lakshadweep in January. This act is also known as 'Gunda Act'. Under this act, any person can be detained for up to one year without giving information in public.

If you have more than two children, you cannot contest panchayat elections

The people associated with the panchayat have alleged that Patel wants to reduce the powers of the panchayat and the people's representatives. They allege that the new rules have been created to "take power from the panchayat and give it power to the administrator". "This is an attempt to snatch away democratic rights. How can you prevent anyone from contesting elections by making an uncontrolled rule."

Beef meat banned, alcohol ban lifted

People of Lakshadweep say that such 'undemocratic and anti-people' rule in the name of animal protection is against people's life and freedom to eat food of choice. They say that the livelihood of many people will be lost by this new rule; no local person had ever made such a demand and while making rules, no local was even negotiated.

Oddly enough, a proposal for a beef ban was brought to this island with a Muslim majority population and the alcohol ban was removed.

Praful Patel's policies are not the only ones that are being questioned.

After the sudden death of Dineshwar Sharma in 2020, Patel was appointed as the Administrator of Lakshadweep. Patel, considered close to Modi, was made the Administrator of the Union Territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, and Daman and Diu in 2016. Let me tell you that only IAS officers have been appointed on this post, but Patel's appointment was done differently from this practice.

So why did this happen? Is there no eligible IAS officer in the country anymore? Think about all the points that I told you. 

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Mystery of Ram Setu

 

 Ramsetu built on the sea is known as Adam’s Bridge worldwide.   According to Hindu religious texts, this is a bridge built by Maryada Purushottam Lord Shri Ram to reach Lanka with the Vanar Sena. Bridge was constructed with floating stones. The bridge connects Rameshwaram in India and connects Mannar in Sri Lanka. Shri Rama's Setu is a story that people don’t considered is true. But recently, the American Science Channel claimed that Ram Setu was indeed present and described it as belonging to the Ramayana period. They said that many such stones exist between Rameswaram and Sri Lanka which are about 7000 years old. Some believe it to be a miracle of God while giving it religious importance, then it became a political issue after this proof of America. Let us know some unheard secrets about Ram Setu which you have not heard yet.

 

 Nal and Neel had built the Ram Setu

When Lord Sri Ram have to reach Lanka to kill Ravana, the biggest problem for him was to reach Ravana's Lanka. For this, Lord Shri Ramchandra ji had to cross the sea. For this, Lord Rama planned to build Ram Setu. When Lord Sri Rama sought help from Samudra Dev for the construction of Ram Setu, Samudra Dev told that there are two brothers named as Nal and Neel in your army who are fully aware of the construction of this bridge. Samudra Dev told Lord Rama that Nal and Neel will definitely succeed in the work of making bridges with your permission.

 

Ram Sethu was constructed in just 5 to 6 days

 The construction of Ram Sethu was completed in just 5 to 6 days. Yes, you must be surprised to hear that its construction took just 5 to 6 days. This fact has also been accepted by American scientists. Let us tell you that the length of the sea is about 100 Yojan (1287.48) i.e. the length of the Ram Setu is about 1300 kilometres.

 

After returning from Lanka, the bridge was converted into the sea

Lord Rama immersed Ramsetu into the sea after slaying Ravana and returning from Sri Lanka. So that no one can misuse it. This event is said to be from ages ago. But over time, it is said that the water level of the sea declined and the bridge came back up again.

 

America also bowed down

 America Science Channel claimed that Ram Setu was indeed present. After a research, he described Ramsetu as man-made. He told that between India and Sri Lanka, 50 km long line is made of rocks and this rock is about 7 thousand years old. And the sand on which it rests is 4 thousand years old.

 

Used to walk the distance

Let us tell you that till the 15th century, people used to travel from Rameshwaram to Mannar. People used to go by traditional vehicles on it. 

The bridge is known by different names

During the Ramayana period, this bridge was named Neel bridge by Lord Rama. After this. The Christians named it Adam's Bridge. He believed that Adam passed through this bridge. The name of this bridge is Ram Setu in the Ramayana.
 

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